How to Sow Golden Ball Chrysanthemum

How to Grow Golden Ball Chrysanthemums from Seeds

Golden Ball Chrysanthemums (Chrysanthemum multicaule) produce stunning double yellow blooms on long stems, adding a bright splash of colour to borders, beds, and floral displays. With their compact growth habit, these half-hardy annuals are ideal for creating bush-like clusters when planted in groups. Reaching a maximum height of 35 cm (14 inches), they are perfect for both indoor and outdoor displays, making them a versatile choice for gardeners. Follow this guide to successfully sow and grow Golden Ball Chrysanthemum seeds in your UK garden.

When and Where to Sow Golden Ball Chrysanthemum Seeds

Indoor Sowing: Start seeds indoors from late winter to early spring (February to April) to give the plants a head start before transplanting them outdoors. This allows you to enjoy early blooms and ensures strong, healthy plants.
Outdoor Sowing: For outdoor sowing, wait until the risk of frost has passed, typically from late May to June. Chrysanthemums prefer a sunny, sheltered location with well-drained soil. Ensure temperatures are warm enough to support germination.

Ideal Growing Conditions for Golden Ball Chrysanthemum Plants

Soil Requirements: Chrysanthemums thrive in well-drained, fertile soil. Enrich the soil with compost or well-rotted manure before planting to improve drainage and nutrient content. They prefer a slightly acidic to neutral pH (6.0-7.0).
Sunlight: Choose a location that receives full sun for at least 6 hours a day. While they can tolerate light shade, full sun will produce the most vibrant and abundant blooms.
Temperature: Ideal germination temperatures range from 14-21°C (57-70°F). If sowing outdoors, wait until the soil has warmed and there is no risk of frost.

How to Sow Golden Ball Chrysanthemum Seeds Indoors

Sowing in Pots or Trays: Fill seed trays or small pots with a high-quality, fine seed compost. Sow the seeds on the surface and lightly press them into the compost. Cover very lightly with a thin layer of compost or vermiculite, no more than 0.5 cm (1/4 inch) deep, as they need light to germinate.
Germination Conditions: Cover the trays or pots with a clear plastic lid, polythene bag, or cling film to retain moisture. Place them in a bright, warm location, such as a windowsill or heated greenhouse. Maintain a temperature of 14-21°C (57-70°F).
Watering: Keep the compost consistently moist but not waterlogged. Water gently to avoid disturbing the seeds. If the compost starts to dry out, mist lightly to maintain humidity.
Germination Period: Germination can take up to 30 days. Check the trays regularly to ensure the compost remains moist. Once seedlings appear, remove the cover and allow them to grow on in bright, indirect light.
Transplanting Seedlings: When seedlings have developed 2-3 true leaves and are about 5 cm (2 inches) tall, transplant them into individual pots to grow on. Allow them to develop strong roots before planting out.
Hardening Off: Gradually acclimatise the seedlings to outdoor conditions by placing them outside during the day and bringing them in at night for 7-10 days. This helps to prevent transplant shock when planting outdoors.

How to Sow Golden Ball Chrysanthemum Seeds Outdoors

Preparing the Soil: Choose a sunny, well-drained site and prepare the soil by removing any weeds and raking to a fine tilth. If the soil is heavy or clay-like, add sand or grit to improve drainage.
Sowing Depth and Method: Sow seeds directly on the soil surface and lightly press them in. Cover very lightly with a fine layer of soil or compost, about 0.5 cm (1/4 inch) deep. Do not bury the seeds too deeply, as they need light to germinate.
Watering: Water gently to moisten the soil. Keep the soil consistently moist during the germination period, but avoid overwatering, as this can cause the seeds to rot.
Thinning: Once seedlings are large enough to handle, thin them to 15-20 cm (6-8 inches) apart. This spacing will allow each plant to develop fully and promote good airflow, reducing the risk of disease.

Caring for Golden Ball Chrysanthemum Plants

Watering: Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Water at the base of the plants to avoid wetting the leaves, which can lead to fungal diseases. During dry spells, increase watering frequency to keep the soil evenly moist.
Feeding: Apply a balanced, general-purpose fertiliser once or twice during the growing season to support healthy growth and abundant flowering. Avoid high-nitrogen feeds, as they can result in lush foliage with fewer flowers.
Pruning and Deadheading: Regularly deadhead spent blooms to encourage continuous flowering and maintain a tidy appearance. If the plants become leggy, pinch back the tips to promote bushier growth and a more compact form.
Supporting Tall Plants: As the plants grow, they may require staking, especially in windy areas. Use plant supports or canes to prevent the stems from bending or breaking under the weight of the blooms.

Using Golden Ball Chrysanthemums in the Garden

Borders and Beds: Plant Golden Ball Chrysanthemums in borders and beds alongside other annuals and perennials. Their bright yellow blooms provide a striking contrast to darker flowers and add height and texture to garden displays.
Cut Flowers: Golden Ball Chrysanthemums make excellent cut flowers. Harvest the blooms when they are fully open, cutting the stems early in the morning or late in the evening. Place them in water immediately to extend their vase life.
Containers and Planters: Due to their compact size, these chrysanthemums are perfect for growing in containers, window boxes, or planters. Use them to brighten up patios, balconies, and other small spaces.

Common Issues and Tips for Growing Golden Ball Chrysanthemums

Slow Germination: Chrysanthemum seeds can take longer to germinate compared to other annuals. Be patient and maintain consistent moisture and temperature levels. Avoid disturbing the soil during this period.
Pest Control: Keep an eye out for common pests such as aphids, slugs, and snails, which can damage young plants. Use organic insecticidal soap or barriers like copper tape around pots to protect seedlings.
Preventing Mildew: Ensure good air circulation around the plants to prevent powdery mildew and other fungal diseases. Water at the base of the plants and avoid wetting the leaves, especially in humid conditions.

Common Questions About Growing Golden Ball Chrysanthemums

Can Golden Ball Chrysanthemums be grown in containers? Yes, these chrysanthemums are well-suited to container growing. Choose a pot at least 20 cm (8 inches) deep with good drainage. Use a high-quality potting mix and water regularly to keep the soil moist.

How can I extend the flowering period? Regular deadheading and light pruning will encourage continuous flowering. Keep the plants well-watered and apply a balanced fertiliser to support bloom production throughout the season.

Will Golden Ball Chrysanthemums return next year? As annuals, these chrysanthemums will not survive the winter. However, they can self-seed if left to flower and set seed, potentially providing new plants the following year.

By following these steps, you can enjoy a vibrant display of Golden Ball Chrysanthemums in your garden. With their bright, sunny blooms and easy care requirements, these charming flowers are a delightful addition to any outdoor space.